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Diagram of solar eclipse4/7/2024 The eclipse path was farther to the south at higher altitudes. The path of the central eclipse over North America on 21 August 2017 at various altitudes, from sea level to 1,000 kilometers. ![]() In general, the size of the correction determined using their formulas grows as an observer moves toward the poles. Verhulst and Stankov derive formulas that account for altitude and describe a software package incorporating these formulas for the popular Python programming language. Although the classical equations describing this geometry at the surface have been well understood for more than a century, at the altitude of the ionosphere, calculations based on these equations can produce errors greater than several degrees in latitude or longitude. Measuring these effects requires a careful understanding of eclipse geometry. Eclipse effects at Earth’s surface are widely known, but the events also affect the population of charged particles making up Earth’s ionosphere. For example, the only time the Sun’s outer atmosphere, called the corona, is directly visible from Earth is during an eclipse. ![]() Solar eclipses have long been important astronomical events, especially for studying the Sun. ![]() Source: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
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